[原创]spring源码解析之前置知识点
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最近在看spring源码,但是spring的体系太庞大了,在这里记录一下阅读源码中遇到知识点
@PostConstruct
被注解的方法,在对象加载完依赖注入后执行
看个demo
package com.day01.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.day01")
public class SpringConfig {
}
IndexDao
package com.day01.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
public class IndexDao {
public IndexDao(){
System.out.println("IndexDao 构造方法");
}
}
IndexService
@Service
public class IndexService {
@Autowired
private IndexDao indexDao;
public IndexService(){
System.out.println("IndexService 构造方法");
}
@PostConstruct
public void init(){
System.out.println("IndexService init方法");
}
public void hello(){
System.out.println("IndexService");
}
}
Testday01
public static void main(String[] args) {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
IndexService indexService = (IndexService) applicationContext.getBean("indexService");
indexService.hello();
}
看结果
可以看出在spring项目中,在一个bean的初始化过程中,方法执行先后顺序为Constructor > @Autowired > @PostConstruct
BeanPostProcessor
BeanPostProcessor是Spring框架的提供的一个扩展点,通过实现BeanPostProcessor接口,程序员就可插手bean实例化的过程
看demo
public class TestBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
/**
* 在bean初始化之前执行
*/
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
if (beanName.equals("indexService")){
System.out.println("indexService postProcessBeforeInitialization");
}
//这里也可以产生代理对象 Proxy.newProxyInstance(),也是aop实现的原理
return bean;
}
/**
* 初始化之后
*/
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
if (beanName.equals("indexService")){
System.out.println("indexService postProcessAfterInitialization");
}
return bean;
}
}
运行上文的Testday01,看下结果
可以看出
===Spring IOC容器实例化Bean===
===调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInitialization方法===
===调用bean实例的初始化方法===
===调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization方法===
值得说明的是这个接口可以设置多个,会形成一个列表,那么如何确定他们的执行顺序呢?
Ordered和PriorityOrdered
Spring提供了Ordered和PriorityOrdered接口,来处理相同接口实现类的优先级问题
看个demo
TestBeanPostProcessor
public class TestBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor , PriorityOrdered {
/**
* 在bean初始化之前执行
*/
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
if (beanName.equals("indexService")){
System.out.println("indexService postProcessBeforeInitialization");
}
//这里也可以产生代理对象 Proxy.newProxyInstance(),也是aop实现的原理
return bean;
}
/**
* 在bean初始化之前执行
*/
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
if (beanName.equals("indexService")){
System.out.println("indexService postProcessAfterInitialization");
}
return bean;
}
public int getOrder() {
return 100;//注意这里
}
}
TestBeanPostProcessor2
public class TestBeanPostProcessor2 implements BeanPostProcessor , PriorityOrdered {
/**
* 在bean初始化之前执行
*/
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
if (beanName.equals("indexService")){
System.out.println("indexService postProcessBeforeInitialization2");
}
//这里也可以产生代理对象 Proxy.newProxyInstance(),也是aop实现的原理
return bean;
}
/**
* 在bean初始化之前执行
*/
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
if (beanName.equals("indexService")){
System.out.println("indexService postProcessAfterInitialization2");
}
return bean;
}
public int getOrder() {
return 99;
}
}
运行test类,看结果
这段代码的逻辑:
1. 若对象o1是Ordered接口类型,o2是PriorityOrdered接口类型,那么o2的优先级高于o1
2. 若对象o1是PriorityOrdered接口类型,o2是Ordered接口类型,那么o1的优先级高于o2
3. 其他情况,若两者都是Ordered接口类型或两者都是PriorityOrdered接口类型,调用Ordered接口的getOrder方法得到order值,order值越大,优先级越小
若2个对象中有一个对象实现了PriorityOrdered接口,那么这个对象的优先级更高。
若2个对象都是PriorityOrdered或Ordered接口的实现类,那么比较Ordered接口的getOrder方法得到order值,值越低,优先级越高
BeanFactoryPostProcessor
spring的扩展点之一:实现该接口,可以在spring的bean创建之前修改beandefinitions属性。
例如可以把bean的scope从singleton改为prototype,也可以把property的值给修改掉。
可以同时配置多个BeanFactoryPostProcessor,并通过设置'order'属性来控制各个BeanFactoryPostProcessor的执行次序
看个demo
public class TestBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("===============TestBeanFactoryPostProcessor============");
}
}
测试类
public static void main(String[] args) {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
//AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(IndexService.class);
IndexService indexService = (IndexService) applicationContext.getBean("indexService");
indexService.hello();
IndexService indexService2 = (IndexService) applicationContext.getBean("indexService");
System.out.println(indexService);
System.out.println(indexService2);
}
运行一下,看结果
可以看到,spring管理的bean默认是单例的,我们把indexService改成prototype试一下
br
看下结果
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor继承了BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口,并可以注册bean到spring容器中,一共要实现以下两个方法:
void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException:
该方法的实现中,主要用来对bean定义做一些改变。
void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException:
该方法用来注册更多的bean到spring容器中,详细观察入参BeanDefinitionRegistry接口,看看这个参数能带给我们什么能力。
看个demo
public class IndexService2 {
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
public IndexService2(){
System.out.println("IndexService2 构造方法");
}
@PostConstruct
public void init(){
System.out.println("IndexService2 init方法");
}
public void hello(){
System.out.println("IndexService2 hello");
}
}
注意:IndexService2并没有@Component注解,说明这个类并没有交给spring管理,继续
public class MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor implements BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor {
public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException {
GenericBeanDefinition genericBeanDefinition = new GenericBeanDefinition();
genericBeanDefinition.setScope("singleton");
genericBeanDefinition.setBeanClass(IndexService2.class);//将IndexService2交给spring管理
registry.registerBeanDefinition("indexService2",genericBeanDefinition);
}
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("===============MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor============");
}
}
注意上述代码中通过BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor 将IndexService2手动注册交给spring管理
运行test类
public static void main(String[] args) {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
//AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(IndexService.class);
IndexService indexService = (IndexService) applicationContext.getBean("indexService");
indexService.hello();
IndexService2 indexService2 = (IndexService2) applicationContext.getBean("indexService2");
System.out.println(indexService);
System.out.println(indexService2);
}
看结果
ApplicationContextAware
我们可以通过注解@Autowired 很简单方便获取bean,虽然这种方法很简单方便,但是有些特殊场景用不了,比如静态方法中不能使用
此时可以借助ApplicationContextAware获取bean
看个demo
public class TestServiceImpl {
public String hello(){
return "hello world";
}
}
这里无法注入TestServiceImpl 无法使用,看demo
public class ApplicationContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {
private static ApplicationContext applicationContext = null;
private TestServiceImpl testService;
/**
* 实现ApplicationContextAware接口, 注入Context到静态变量中.
*/
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
ApplicationContextUtil.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
/**
* 获取静态变量中的ApplicationContext.
*/
public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
return applicationContext;
}
/**
* 从静态变量applicationContext中得到Bean, 自动转型为所赋值对象的类型.
*/
"unchecked") (
public static <T> T getBean(String name) {
return (T) applicationContext.getBean(name);
}
/**
* 从静态变量applicationContext中得到Bean, 自动转型为所赋值对象的类型.
*/
public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) {
return applicationContext.getBean(requiredType);
}
/*public static String test(){
String hello = testService.hello();
}*/
}
看测试类
public static void main(String[] args) {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);
//AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(IndexService.class);
IndexService indexService = (IndexService) applicationContext.getBean("indexService");
indexService.hello();
System.out.println(indexService);
/*IndexService2 indexService2 = (IndexService2) applicationContext.getBean("indexService2");
System.out.println(indexService2);*/
String testServiceImpl = ((TestServiceImpl) ApplicationContextUtil.getBean("testServiceImpl")).hello();
System.out.println(testServiceImpl);
看结果
ok,今天就先到这里,以后有新的内容随时补充吧