[原创]spring源码解析之前置知识点
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最近在看spring源码,但是spring的体系太庞大了,在这里记录一下阅读源码中遇到知识点
@PostConstruct
被注解的方法,在对象加载完依赖注入后执行
看个demo
package com.day01.config;import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration@ComponentScan("com.day01")public class SpringConfig {}
IndexDao
package com.day01.service;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;public class IndexDao {public IndexDao(){System.out.println("IndexDao 构造方法");}}
IndexService
@Servicepublic class IndexService {@Autowiredprivate IndexDao indexDao;public IndexService(){System.out.println("IndexService 构造方法");}@PostConstructpublic void init(){System.out.println("IndexService init方法");}public void hello(){System.out.println("IndexService");}}
Testday01
public static void main(String[] args) {AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);IndexService indexService = (IndexService) applicationContext.getBean("indexService");indexService.hello();}
看结果
可以看出在spring项目中,在一个bean的初始化过程中,方法执行先后顺序为Constructor > @Autowired > @PostConstruct
BeanPostProcessor
BeanPostProcessor是Spring框架的提供的一个扩展点,通过实现BeanPostProcessor接口,程序员就可插手bean实例化的过程
看demo
public class TestBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {/*** 在bean初始化之前执行*/public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("indexService")){System.out.println("indexService postProcessBeforeInitialization");}//这里也可以产生代理对象 Proxy.newProxyInstance(),也是aop实现的原理return bean;}/*** 初始化之后*/public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("indexService")){System.out.println("indexService postProcessAfterInitialization");}return bean;}}
运行上文的Testday01,看下结果
可以看出
===Spring IOC容器实例化Bean===
===调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessBeforeInitialization方法===
===调用bean实例的初始化方法===
===调用BeanPostProcessor的postProcessAfterInitialization方法===
值得说明的是这个接口可以设置多个,会形成一个列表,那么如何确定他们的执行顺序呢?
Ordered和PriorityOrdered
Spring提供了Ordered和PriorityOrdered接口,来处理相同接口实现类的优先级问题
看个demo
TestBeanPostProcessor
public class TestBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor , PriorityOrdered {/*** 在bean初始化之前执行*/public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("indexService")){System.out.println("indexService postProcessBeforeInitialization");}//这里也可以产生代理对象 Proxy.newProxyInstance(),也是aop实现的原理return bean;}/*** 在bean初始化之前执行*/public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("indexService")){System.out.println("indexService postProcessAfterInitialization");}return bean;}public int getOrder() {return 100;//注意这里}}
TestBeanPostProcessor2
public class TestBeanPostProcessor2 implements BeanPostProcessor , PriorityOrdered {/*** 在bean初始化之前执行*/public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("indexService")){System.out.println("indexService postProcessBeforeInitialization2");}//这里也可以产生代理对象 Proxy.newProxyInstance(),也是aop实现的原理return bean;}/*** 在bean初始化之前执行*/public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {if (beanName.equals("indexService")){System.out.println("indexService postProcessAfterInitialization2");}return bean;}public int getOrder() {return 99;}}
运行test类,看结果
这段代码的逻辑:
1. 若对象o1是Ordered接口类型,o2是PriorityOrdered接口类型,那么o2的优先级高于o1
2. 若对象o1是PriorityOrdered接口类型,o2是Ordered接口类型,那么o1的优先级高于o2
3. 其他情况,若两者都是Ordered接口类型或两者都是PriorityOrdered接口类型,调用Ordered接口的getOrder方法得到order值,order值越大,优先级越小
若2个对象中有一个对象实现了PriorityOrdered接口,那么这个对象的优先级更高。
若2个对象都是PriorityOrdered或Ordered接口的实现类,那么比较Ordered接口的getOrder方法得到order值,值越低,优先级越高
BeanFactoryPostProcessor
spring的扩展点之一:实现该接口,可以在spring的bean创建之前修改beandefinitions属性。
例如可以把bean的scope从singleton改为prototype,也可以把property的值给修改掉。
可以同时配置多个BeanFactoryPostProcessor,并通过设置'order'属性来控制各个BeanFactoryPostProcessor的执行次序
看个demo
public class TestBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {System.out.println("===============TestBeanFactoryPostProcessor============");}}
测试类
public static void main(String[] args) {AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);//AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(IndexService.class);IndexService indexService = (IndexService) applicationContext.getBean("indexService");indexService.hello();IndexService indexService2 = (IndexService) applicationContext.getBean("indexService");System.out.println(indexService);System.out.println(indexService2);}
运行一下,看结果
可以看到,spring管理的bean默认是单例的,我们把indexService改成prototype试一下
br
看下结果
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor
BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor继承了BeanFactoryPostProcessor接口,并可以注册bean到spring容器中,一共要实现以下两个方法:
void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException:该方法的实现中,主要用来对bean定义做一些改变。void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException:该方法用来注册更多的bean到spring容器中,详细观察入参BeanDefinitionRegistry接口,看看这个参数能带给我们什么能力。
看个demo
public class IndexService2 {private ApplicationContext applicationContext;public IndexService2(){System.out.println("IndexService2 构造方法");}@PostConstructpublic void init(){System.out.println("IndexService2 init方法");}public void hello(){System.out.println("IndexService2 hello");}}
注意:IndexService2并没有@Component注解,说明这个类并没有交给spring管理,继续
public class MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor implements BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor {public void postProcessBeanDefinitionRegistry(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeansException {GenericBeanDefinition genericBeanDefinition = new GenericBeanDefinition();genericBeanDefinition.setScope("singleton");genericBeanDefinition.setBeanClass(IndexService2.class);//将IndexService2交给spring管理registry.registerBeanDefinition("indexService2",genericBeanDefinition);}public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {System.out.println("===============MyBeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor============");}}
注意上述代码中通过BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor 将IndexService2手动注册交给spring管理
运行test类
public static void main(String[] args) {AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);//AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(IndexService.class);IndexService indexService = (IndexService) applicationContext.getBean("indexService");indexService.hello();IndexService2 indexService2 = (IndexService2) applicationContext.getBean("indexService2");System.out.println(indexService);System.out.println(indexService2);}
看结果
ApplicationContextAware
我们可以通过注解@Autowired 很简单方便获取bean,虽然这种方法很简单方便,但是有些特殊场景用不了,比如静态方法中不能使用
此时可以借助ApplicationContextAware获取bean
看个demo
public class TestServiceImpl {public String hello(){return "hello world";}}
这里无法注入TestServiceImpl 无法使用,看demo
public class ApplicationContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {private static ApplicationContext applicationContext = null;private TestServiceImpl testService;/*** 实现ApplicationContextAware接口, 注入Context到静态变量中.*/public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {ApplicationContextUtil.applicationContext = applicationContext;}/*** 获取静态变量中的ApplicationContext.*/public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {return applicationContext;}/*** 从静态变量applicationContext中得到Bean, 自动转型为所赋值对象的类型.*/("unchecked")public static <T> T getBean(String name) {return (T) applicationContext.getBean(name);}/*** 从静态变量applicationContext中得到Bean, 自动转型为所赋值对象的类型.*/public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) {return applicationContext.getBean(requiredType);}/*public static String test(){String hello = testService.hello();}*/}
看测试类
public static void main(String[] args) {AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(SpringConfig.class);//AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(IndexService.class);IndexService indexService = (IndexService) applicationContext.getBean("indexService");indexService.hello();System.out.println(indexService);/*IndexService2 indexService2 = (IndexService2) applicationContext.getBean("indexService2");System.out.println(indexService2);*/String testServiceImpl = ((TestServiceImpl) ApplicationContextUtil.getBean("testServiceImpl")).hello();System.out.println(testServiceImpl);
看结果
ok,今天就先到这里,以后有新的内容随时补充吧
