K8S使用ceph-csi持久化存储之RBD
一、集群和组件版本
K8S集群：1.17.3+
Ceph集群：Nautilus（stables）
Ceph-CSI：release-v3.1
snapshotter-controller：release-2.1
Linue kernel：3.10.0-1127.19.1.el7.x86_64 +
镜像版本：
docker pull quay.io/k8scsi/csi-snapshotter:v2.1.1
docker pull quay.io/k8scsi/csi-snapshotter:v2.1.0
docker pull quay.io/k8scsi/csi-resizer:v0.5.0
docker pull quay.io/k8scsi/csi-provisioner:v1.6.0
docker pull quay.io/k8scsi/csi-node-driver-registrar:v1.3.0
docker pull quay.io/k8scsi/csi-attacher:v2.1.1
docker pull quay.io/cephcsi/cephcsi:v3.1-canary
docker pull quay.io/k8scsi/snapshot-controller:v2.0.1
二、部署
1）部署Ceph-CSI
1.1）克隆代码
# git clone https://github.com/ceph/ceph-csi.git
# cd ceph-csi/deploy/rbd/kubernetes
1.2）修改yaml文件
1.2.1）修改csi-rbdplugin-provisioner.yaml和csi-rbdplugin.yaml文件，注释ceph-csi-encryption-kms-config配置：
# grep "#" csi-rbdplugin-provisioner.yaml
# for stable functionality replace canary with latest release version
#- name: ceph-csi-encryption-kms-config
# mountPath: /etc/ceph-csi-encryption-kms-config/
#- name: ceph-csi-encryption-kms-config
# configMap:
# name: ceph-csi-encryption-kms-config
1.2.2）配置csi-config-map.yaml文件链接ceph集群的信息
# cat csi-config-map.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
data:
config.json: |-
[
{
"clusterID": "c7b4xxf7-c61e-4668-9xx0-82c9xx5e3696", // 通过ceph集群的ID
"monitors": [
"xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:6789"
]
}
]
metadata:
name: ceph-csi-config
1.2.3）部署rbd相关的CSI
# kubectl apply -f ceph-csi/deploy/rbd/kubernetes/
# kubectl get pods
csi-rbdplugin-9f8kn 3/3 Running 0 39h
csi-rbdplugin-pnjtn 3/3 Running 0 39h
csi-rbdplugin-provisioner-7f469fb84-4qqbd 6/6 Running 0 41h
csi-rbdplugin-provisioner-7f469fb84-hkc9q 6/6 Running 5 41h
csi-rbdplugin-provisioner-7f469fb84-vm7qm 6/6 Running 0 40h
2)快照功能需要安装快照控制器支持：
2.1）克隆代码
# git clone https://github.com/kubernetes-csi/external-snapshotter
# cd external-snapshotter/deploy/kubernetes/snapshot-controller
2.2）部署
# kubectl external-snapshotter/deploy/kubernetes/snapshot-controller/
# kubectl get pods | grep snapshot-controller
snapshot-controller-0 1/1 Running 0 20h
2.3）部署crd
# kubectl apply -f external-snapshotter/config/crd/
# kubectl api-versions | grep snapshot
snapshot.storage.k8s.io/v1beta1
至此，Ceph-CSI和snapshot-controller安装完成。下面进行功能测试。测试功能前需要在ceph集群中创建对应的存储池：
// 查看集群状态
# ceph -s
cluster:
id: c7b43ef7-c61e-4668-9970-82c9775e3696
health: HEALTH_OK
services:
mon: 1 daemons, quorum cka-node-01 (age 24h)
mgr: cka-node-01(active, since 24h), standbys: cka-node-02, cka-node-03
mds: cephfs:1 {0=cka-node-01=up:active} 2 up:standby
osd: 3 osds: 3 up, 3 in
rgw: 1 daemon active (cka-node-01)
task status:
scrub status:
mds.cka-node-01: idle
data:
pools: 7 pools, 184 pgs
objects: 827 objects, 1.7 GiB
usage: 8.1 GiB used, 52 GiB / 60 GiB avail
pgs: 184 active+clean
io:
client: 32 KiB/s rd, 0 B/s wr, 31 op/s rd, 21 op/s wr
// 创建存储池kubernetes
# ceph osd pool create kubernetes 8 8
# rbd pool init kubernetes
// 创建用户kubernetes
# ceph auth get-or-create client.kubernetes mon 'profile rbd' osd 'profile rbd pool=kubernetes'
// 获取集群信息和查看用户key
# ceph mon dump
dumped monmap epoch 3
epoch 3
fsid c7b43ef7-c61e-4668-9970-82c9775e3696
last_changed 2020-09-11 11:05:25.529648
created 2020-09-10 16:22:52.967856
min_mon_release 14 (nautilus)
0: [v2:10.0.xxx.xxx0:3300/0,v1:10.0.xxx.xxx:6789/0] mon.cka-node-01
# ceph auth get client.kubernetes
exported keyring for client.kubernetes
[client.kubernetes]
key = AQBt5xxxR0DBAAtjxxA+zlqxxxF3shYm8qLQmw==
caps mon = "profile rbd"
caps osd = "profile rbd pool=kubernetes"
三、验证
验证如下功能：
1）创建rbd类型pvc给pod使用；
2）创建rbd类型pvc的快照，并验证基于快照恢复的可用性；
3）扩容pvc大小；
4）同一个pvc重复创建快照；
1、创建rbd类型pvc给pod使用：
1.1) 创建连接ceph集群的秘钥
# cat secret.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
name: csi-rbd-secret
namespace: default
stringData:
userID: kubernetes
userKey: AQBt51lf9iR0DBAAtjA+zlqxxxYm8qLQmw==
encryptionPassphrase: test_passphrase
# kubectl apply -f secret.yaml
1.2) 创建storeclass
# cat storageclass.yaml
---
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
name: csi-rbd-sc
provisioner: rbd.csi.ceph.com
parameters:
clusterID: c7b43xxf7-c61e-4668-9970-82c9e3696
pool: kubernetes
imageFeatures: layering
csi.storage.k8s.io/provisioner-secret-name: csi-rbd-secret
csi.storage.k8s.io/provisioner-secret-namespace: default
csi.storage.k8s.io/controller-expand-secret-name: csi-rbd-secret
csi.storage.k8s.io/controller-expand-secret-namespace: default
csi.storage.k8s.io/node-stage-secret-name: csi-rbd-secret
csi.storage.k8s.io/node-stage-secret-namespace: default
csi.storage.k8s.io/fstype: ext4
reclaimPolicy: Delete
allowVolumeExpansion: true
mountOptions:
- discard
# kubectl apply -f storageclass.yaml
1.3)基于storeclass创建pvc
# cat pvc.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: rbd-pvc
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 1Gi
storageClassName: csi-rbd-sc
# kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
# kubectl get pvc rbd-pvc
NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
rbd-pvc Bound pvc-11b931b0-7cb5-40e1-815b-c15659310593 1Gi RWO csi-rbd-sc 17h
1.4）创建pod应用pvc
# cat pod.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: csi-rbd-demo-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: web-server
image: nginx
volumeMounts:
- name: mypvc
mountPath: /var/lib/www/html
volumes:
- name: mypvc
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: rbd-pvc
readOnly: false
# kubectl apply -f pod.yaml
# kubectl get pods csi-rbd-demo-pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
csi-rbd-demo-pod 1/1 Running 0 40h
# kubectl exec -ti csi-rbd-demo-pod -- bash
root@csi-rbd-demo-pod:/# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
overlay 199G 7.4G 192G 4% /
tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /dev
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 199G 7.4G 192G 4% /etc/hosts
shm 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/rbd0 976M 2.6M 958M 1% /var/lib/www/html
tmpfs 7.8G 12K 7.8G 1% /run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /proc/acpi
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /proc/scsi
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/firmware
# 写入文件，用于后续快照验证
root@csi-rbd-demo-pod:/# cd /var/lib/www/html;mkdir demo;cd demo;echo "snapshot test" > test.txt
root@csi-rbd-demo-pod:/var/lib/www/html# cat demo/test.txt
snapshot test
2）创建rbd类型pvc的快照，并验证基于快照恢复的可用性：
2.1)创建上一步pvc的快照
# cat snapshot.yaml
---
apiVersion: snapshot.storage.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: VolumeSnapshot
metadata:
name: rbd-pvc-snapshot
spec:
volumeSnapshotClassName: csi-rbdplugin-snapclass
source:
persistentVolumeClaimName: rbd-pvc
# kubectl apply -f snapshot.yaml
# kubectl get VolumeSnapshot rbd-pvc-snapshot
NAME READYTOUSE SOURCEPVC SOURCESNAPSHOTCONTENT RESTORESIZE SNAPSHOTCLASS SNAPSHOTCONTENT CREATIONTIME AGE
rbd-pvc-snapshot true rbd-pvc 1Gi csi-rbdplugin-snapclass snapcontent-48f3e563-d21a-40bb-8e15-ddbf27886c88 19h 19h
2.2)创建基于快照恢复的pvc
# cat pvc-restore.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: rbd-pvc-restore
spec:
storageClassName: csi-rbd-sc
dataSource:
name: rbd-pvc-snapshot
kind: VolumeSnapshot
apiGroup: snapshot.storage.k8s.io
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 1Gi
# kubectl apply -f pvc-restore.yaml
2.3)创建pod应用快照恢复的pvc
# cat pod-restore.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: web-server
image: nginx
volumeMounts:
- name: mypvc
mountPath: /var/lib/www/html
volumes:
- name: mypvc
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: rbd-pvc-restore
readOnly: false
# kubectl apply -f pod-restore.yaml
# kubectl get pods csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod 1/1 Running 0 18h
# kubectl exec -ti csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod -- bash
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod:/# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
overlay 199G 7.4G 192G 4% /
tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /dev
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 199G 7.4G 192G 4% /etc/hosts
shm 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/rbd3 976M 2.6M 958M 1% /var/lib/www/html
tmpfs 7.8G 12K 7.8G 1% /run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /proc/acpi
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /proc/scsi
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/firmware
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod:/# cd /var/lib/www/html
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod:/var/lib/www/html# ls
demo lost+found
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod:/var/lib/www/html# cat demo/test.txt
snapshot test
//基于快照恢复数据功能正常
3）扩容pvc大小：
3.1)修改rbd-pvc的容量大小
# cat pvc.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: rbd-pvc
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 100Gi // 由1G改为100G
storageClassName: csi-rbd-sc
# kubectl apply -f pvc.yaml
# kubectl get pvc rbd-pvc
NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
rbd-pvc Bound pvc-11b931b0-7cb5-40e1-815b-c15659310593 100Gi RWO csi-rbd-sc 40h
# kubectl exec -ti csi-rbd-demo-pod -- bash
root@csi-rbd-demo-pod:/# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
overlay 199G 7.4G 192G 4% /
tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /dev
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 199G 7.4G 192G 4% /etc/hosts
shm 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/rbd0 99G 6.8M 99G 1% /var/lib/www/html // 扩容正常
tmpfs 7.8G 12K 7.8G 1% /run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /proc/acpi
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /proc/scsi
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/firmware
// 再次写入数据用于后续第二次创建快照
root@csi-rbd-demo-pod:# cd /var/lib/www/html;mkdir test;echo "abc" > test/demo.txt;echo "abc" >> /var/lib/www/html/demo/test.txt
root@csi-rbd-demo-pod:/var/lib/www/html# cat test/demo.txt
abc
root@csi-rbd-demo-pod:/var/lib/www/html# cat demo/test.txt
snapshot test
abc
4）同一个pvc重复创建快照：
4.1)再次对rbd-pvc创建快照
# cat snapshot-1.yaml
---
apiVersion: snapshot.storage.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: VolumeSnapshot
metadata:
name: rbd-pvc-snapshot-1
spec:
volumeSnapshotClassName: csi-rbdplugin-snapclass
source:
persistentVolumeClaimName: rbd-pvc
# kubectl apply -f snapshot-1.yaml
# kubectl get VolumeSnapshot rbd-pvc-snapshot-1
NAME READYTOUSE SOURCEPVC SOURCESNAPSHOTCONTENT RESTORESIZE SNAPSHOTCLASS SNAPSHOTCONTENT CREATIONTIME AGE
rbd-pvc-snapshot-1 true rbd-pvc 100Gi csi-rbdplugin-snapclass snapcontent-b82dceb0-7ba6-4a3e-88ab-2220b729d85f 18h 18h
4.2)基于rbd-pvc-snapshot-1快照恢复pvc
# cat pvc-restore-1.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: rbd-pvc-restore-1
spec:
storageClassName: csi-rbd-sc
dataSource:
name: rbd-pvc-snapshot-1
kind: VolumeSnapshot
apiGroup: snapshot.storage.k8s.io
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 100Gi
# kubectl apply -f pvc-restore-1.yaml
4.3)创建pod引用rbd-pvc-restore-1恢复的pvc
# cat pod-restore-1.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod-1
spec:
containers:
- name: web-server
image: nginx
volumeMounts:
- name: mypvc
mountPath: /var/lib/www/html
volumes:
- name: mypvc
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: rbd-pvc-restore-1
readOnly: false
# kubectl apply -f pod-restore-1.yaml
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod-1 1/1 Running 0 18h
# kubectl exec -ti csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod-1 -- bash
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod-1:/# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
overlay 199G 7.4G 192G 4% /
tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /dev
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 199G 7.4G 192G 4% /etc/hosts
shm 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/rbd4 99G 6.8M 99G 1% /var/lib/www/html
tmpfs 7.8G 12K 7.8G 1% /run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /proc/acpi
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /proc/scsi
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/firmware
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod-1:/# cd /var/lib/www/html
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod-1:/var/lib/www/html# cat demo/test.txt
snapshot test
abc
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod-1:/var/lib/www/html# cat test/demo.txt
abc
// 至此验证扩容后的pvc，二次创建的快照恢复数据功能正常
// 查看第一个创建的快照中是否有后续添加的文件数据,如下数据还是第一个快照创建时数据
[root@cka-node-01 rbd]# kubectl exec -ti csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod -- bash
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod:/# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
overlay 199G 7.4G 192G 4% /
tmpfs 64M 0 64M 0% /dev
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 199G 7.4G 192G 4% /etc/hosts
shm 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/rbd3 976M 2.6M 958M 1% /var/lib/www/html
tmpfs 7.8G 12K 7.8G 1% /run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /proc/acpi
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /proc/scsi
tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/firmware
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod:/# cd /var/lib/www/html
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod:/var/lib/www/html# cat demo/test.txt
snapshot test
root@csi-rbd-restore-demo-pod:/var/lib/www/html# ls
demo lost+found
完