如何优雅的解决SpringBoot 项目的吞吐量？

vlambda
2022-04-10

如何优雅的解决SpringBoot 项目的吞吐量？

实现方式二种：

使用异步注解@aysnc、启动类：添加@EnableAsync注解
JDK 8本身有一个非常好用的Future类——CompletableFuture

@AllArgsConstructorpublic class AskThread implements Runnable{ private CompletableFuture<Integer> re = null; public void run() { int myRe = 0; try { myRe = re.get() * re.get(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println(myRe); }
 public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { final CompletableFuture<Integer> future = new CompletableFuture<>(); new Thread(new AskThread(future)).start(); //模拟长时间的计算过程 Thread.sleep(1000); //告知完成结果 future.complete(60); }}

在该示例中，启动一个线程，此时AskThread对象还没有拿到它需要的数据，执行到myRe = re.get() * re.get()会阻塞。我们用休眠1秒来模拟一个长时间的计算过程，并将计算结果告诉future执行结果，AskThread线程将会继续执行。

public class Calc { public static Integer calc(Integer para) { try { //模拟一个长时间的执行 Thread.sleep(1000); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return para * para; }
 public static void main(String[] args) throws ExecutionException, InterruptedException { final CompletableFuture<Void> future = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync(() -> calc(50)) .thenApply((i) -> Integer.toString(i)) .thenApply((str) -> "\"" + str + "\"") .thenAccept(System.out::println); future.get(); }}

CompletableFuture.supplyAsync方法构造一个CompletableFuture实例，在supplyAsync()方法中，它会在一个新线程中，执行传入的参数。在这里它会执行calc()方法，这个方法可能是比较慢的，但这并不影响CompletableFuture实例的构造速度，supplyAsync()会立即返回。而返回的CompletableFuture实例就可以作为这次调用的契约，在将来任何场合，用于获得最终的计算结果。

supplyAsync用于提供返回值的情况，CompletableFuture还有一个不需要返回值的异步调用方法runAsync(Runnable runnable),一般我们在优化Controller时，使用这个方法比较多。这两个方法如果在不指定线程池的情况下，都是在ForkJoinPool.common线程池中执行，而这个线程池中的所有线程都是Daemon（守护）线程，所以，当主线程结束时，这些线程无论执行完毕都会退出系统。

核心代码：

CompletableFuture.runAsync(() -> this.afterBetProcessor(betRequest,betDetailResult,appUser,id));

异步调用使用Callable来实现

@RestController public class HelloController {  private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class);  @Autowired  private HelloService hello;  @GetMapping("/helloworld")  public String helloWorldController() {  return hello.sayHello();  } 
 /**  * 异步调用restful  * 当controller返回值是Callable的时候，springmvc就会启动一个线程将Callable交给TaskExecutor去处理  * 然后DispatcherServlet还有所有的spring拦截器都退出主线程，然后把response保持打开的状态  * 当Callable执行结束之后，springmvc就会重新启动分配一个request请求，然后DispatcherServlet就重新  * 调用和处理Callable异步执行的返回结果， 然后返回视图  *  * @return  */  @GetMapping("/hello")  public Callable<String> helloController() {  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法");  Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() { 
 @Override  public String call() throws Exception {  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法");  String say = hello.sayHello();  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回");  return say;  }  };  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回");  return callable;  } }

异步调用的方式 WebAsyncTask

@RestController public class HelloController {  private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloController.class);  @Autowired  private HelloService hello;  /**  * 带超时时间的异步请求 通过WebAsyncTask自定义客户端超时间  *  * @return  */  @GetMapping("/world")  public WebAsyncTask<String> worldController() {  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法"); 
 // 3s钟没返回，则认为超时  WebAsyncTask<String> webAsyncTask = new WebAsyncTask<>(3000, new Callable<String>() { 
 @Override  public String call() throws Exception {  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法");  String say = hello.sayHello();  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloService方法返回");  return say;  }  });  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回");  webAsyncTask.onCompletion(new Runnable() {  @Override  public void run() {  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 执行完毕");  }  }); 
 webAsyncTask.onTimeout(new Callable<String>() {  @Override  public String call() throws Exception {  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout");  // 超时的时候，直接抛异常，让外层统一处理超时异常  throw new TimeoutException("调用超时");  }  });  return webAsyncTask;  } 
 /**  * 异步调用，异常处理，详细的处理流程见MyExceptionHandler类  *  * @return  */  @GetMapping("/exception")  public WebAsyncTask<String> exceptionController() {  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入helloController方法");  Callable<String> callable = new Callable<String>() {  @Override  public String call() throws Exception {  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入call方法");  throw new TimeoutException("调用超时!");  }  };  logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 从helloController方法返回");  return new WebAsyncTask<>(20000, callable);  } }

二、增加内嵌Tomcat的最大连接数

@Configurationpublic class TomcatConfig { @Bean public ConfigurableServletWebServerFactory webServerFactory() { TomcatServletWebServerFactory tomcatFactory = new TomcatServletWebServerFactory(); tomcatFactory.addConnectorCustomizers(new MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer()); tomcatFactory.setPort(8005); tomcatFactory.setContextPath("/api-g"); return tomcatFactory; } class MyTomcatConnectorCustomizer implements TomcatConnectorCustomizer { public void customize(Connector connector) { Http11NioProtocol protocol = (Http11NioProtocol) connector.getProtocolHandler(); //设置最大连接数  protocol.setMaxConnections(20000); //设置最大线程数  protocol.setMaxThreads(2000); protocol.setConnectionTimeout(30000); } }}

三、使用@ComponentScan()定位扫包比@SpringBootApplication扫包更快

四、默认tomcat容器改为Undertow（Jboss下的服务器，Tomcat吞吐量5000，Undertow吞吐量8000）

<exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> </exclusion></exclusions>

改为:

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId></dependency>

五、使用 BufferedWriter 进行缓冲

六、Deferred方式实现异步调用

@RestControllerpublic class AsyncDeferredController { private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); private final LongTimeTask taskService; @Autowired public AsyncDeferredController(LongTimeTask taskService) { this.taskService = taskService; }
 @GetMapping("/deferred") public DeferredResult<String> executeSlowTask() { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "进入executeSlowTask方法"); DeferredResult<String> deferredResult = new DeferredResult<>(); // 调用长时间执行任务 taskService.execute(deferredResult); // 当长时间任务中使用deferred.setResult("world");这个方法时，会从长时间任务中返回，继续controller里面的流程 logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "从executeSlowTask方法返回"); // 超时的回调方法 deferredResult.onTimeout(new Runnable(){
 @Override public void run() { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onTimeout"); // 返回超时信息 deferredResult.setErrorResult("time out!"); } });
 // 处理完成的回调方法，无论是超时还是处理成功，都会进入这个回调方法 deferredResult.onCompletion(new Runnable(){
 @Override public void run() { logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " onCompletion"); } });  return deferredResult; }}

七、异步调用可以使用AsyncHandlerInterceptor进行拦截

@Componentpublic class MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor implements AsyncHandlerInterceptor { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyAsyncHandlerInterceptor.class); @Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception { return true; }
 @Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {// HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler; logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+ "服务调用完成，返回结果给客户端"); }
 @Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception { if(null != ex){ System.out.println("发生异常:"+ex.getMessage()); } }
 @Override public void afterConcurrentHandlingStarted(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
 // 拦截之后，重新写回数据，将原来的hello world换成如下字符串 String resp = "my name is chhliu!"; response.setContentLength(resp.length()); response.getOutputStream().write(resp.getBytes()); logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " 进入afterConcurrentHandlingStarted方法"); } }

参考

my.oschina.net/u/3768341/blog/3001731
blog.csdn.net/liuchuanhong1/article/details/78744138

灬点点

xhcom.blog.csdn.net/article/details/88046026

vlambda博客
学习文章列表