systemctl stop firewalld.service 或者 systemctl stop firewalldsystemctl disable firewalld.service 或者 systemctl disable firewalldsystemctl status firewalld 

getenforce setenforce 0vim /etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled [root@Ops-11gOGG ~]# systemctl status firewalld ? firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled) Active: inactive (dead) Docs: man:firewalld(1)[root@Ops-11gOGG-86 ~]# getenforce Disabled

yum -y groupinstall "DeveLopment tools"yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel openssl-devel bison gcc gcc-c++ make

Linux7 版本的系统默认自带安装了MariaDB，需要先清理。## 查询已安装的mariadbrpm -qa |grep mariadb或yum list installed | grep mariadb## 卸载mariadb包，文件名为上述命令查询出来的文件rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64yum -y remove mariadb-libs.x86_64 

root用户操作：mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306mkdir -p /mysql/app/mkdir -p /mysql/conf/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/data/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/pid/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/socket/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/log/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/binlog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/relaylog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/slowlog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3306/tmp/ mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3307mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3307/data/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3307/pid/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3307/socket/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3307/log/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3307/binlog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3307/relaylog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3307/slowlog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3307/tmp/ mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3308mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3308/data/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3308/pid/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3308/socket/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3308/log/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3308/binlog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3308/relaylog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3308/slowlog/mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysql3308/tmp/

groupadd mysqluseradd -g mysql mysqlchown -R mysql:mysql /mysqlpasswd mysql

mysql用户操作：cd /mysql/appmd5sum mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz --检验 MD5 值和上面一样，说明包无损tar xvf mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xzmv mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql8.0.28

vim ~/.bash_profileMYSQL_HOME=/mysql/app/mysql8.0.28PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
source ~/.bash_profilewhich mysql 

vim my3306.cnf[mysqld]# basic settings #server_id = 863306basedir = /mysql/app/mysql8.0.28datadir = /mysql/data/mysql3306/data/socket = /mysql/data/mysql3306/socket/mysql3306.sockpid_file = /mysql/data/mysql3306/pid/mysqld3306.pidport = 3306default-time_zone = '+8:00'character_set_server = utf8mb4explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1autocommit = 1transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTEDsecure_file_priv = "/mysql/data/mysql3306/tmp/"max_allowed_packet = 64Mlower_case_table_names = 1default_authentication_plugin = mysql_native_passwordsql_mode = 'STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION' # connection #back_log = 500interactive_timeout = 300wait_timeout = 300lock_wait_timeout = 300max_user_connections = 800skip_name_resolve = 1max_connections = 3000max_connect_errors = 1000 #table cache performance settings#table_open_cache = 1024#table_definition_cache = 1024#table_open_cache_instances = 16 #session memory settings ##read_buffer_size = 16M#read_rnd_buffer_size = 32M#sort_buffer_size = 32M#tmp_table_size = 64M#join_buffer_size = 128M#thread_cache_size = 256 # log settings #slow_query_log = ONslow_query_log_file = /mysql/data/mysql3306/slowlog/slow3306.loglog_error = /mysql/data/mysql3306/log/mysqld3306.loglog_error_verbosity = 3log_bin = /mysql/data/mysql3306/binlog/mysql_binlog_bin_index = /mysql/data/mysql3306/binlog/mysql_binlog.index# general_log_file = /data/mysql/mysql57_3306/generallog/general.loglog_queries_not_using_indexes = 1log_slow_admin_statements = 1#log_slow_slave_statements = 1#expire_logs_days = 15binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 2592000long_query_time = 2min_examined_row_limit = 100log_throttle_queries_not_using_indexes = 1000#log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1log_slave_updates = 1mysqlx_port = 33060mysqlx_socket = /mysql/data/mysql3306/socket/mysqlx.sock # innodb settings #innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M#innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 16innodb_log_buffer_size = 100Minnodb_buffer_pool_load_at_startup = 1innodb_buffer_pool_dump_at_shutdown = 1innodb_lru_scan_depth = 4096innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 20innodb_io_capacity = 5000innodb_io_capacity_max = 10000innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECTinnodb_log_file_size = 1Ginnodb_log_files_in_group = 2innodb_purge_threads = 4innodb_thread_concurrency = 200innodb_print_all_deadlocks = 1innodb_strict_mode = 1innodb_sort_buffer_size = 32Minnodb_write_io_threads = 16innodb_read_io_threads = 16innodb_file_per_table = 1innodb_stats_persistent_sample_pages = 64innodb_autoinc_lock_mode = 2innodb_online_alter_log_max_size = 1Ginnodb_open_files = 4096innodb_buffer_pool_dump_pct = 25innodb_page_cleaners = 16innodb_undo_log_truncate = 1innodb_max_undo_log_size = 2Ginnodb_purge_rseg_truncate_frequency = 128innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 # replication settings #master_info_repository = TABLErelay_log_info_repository = TABLEsync_binlog = 1binlog_format = ROWgtid_mode = ONenforce_gtid_consistency = ONrelay_log_recovery = 1relay_log = /mysql/data/mysql3306/relaylog/relay.logrelay_log_index = /mysql/data/mysql3306/relaylog/mysql_relay.indexslave_parallel_type = LOGICAL_CLOCKslave_parallel_workers = 16binlog_gtid_simple_recovery = 1slave_preserve_commit_order = 1binlog_rows_query_log_events = 1slave_transaction_retries = 10log_timestamps = systemreport_host = 192.168.75.86report_port = 3306

mysqld --defaults-file=/mysql/conf/my3306.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/mysql/app/mysql8.0.28 --datadir=/mysql/data/mysql3306/data mysqld --defaults-file=/mysql/conf/my3307.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/mysql/app/mysql8.0.28 --datadir=/mysql/data/mysql3307/data mysqld --defaults-file=/mysql/conf/my3308.cnf --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/mysql/app/mysql8.0.28 --datadir=/mysql/data/mysql3307/data

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysql/conf/my3306.cnf --user=mysql & mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysql/conf/my3307.cnf --user=mysql & mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mysql/conf/my3308.cnf --user=mysql & --关闭数据库mysqladmin -uroot -p -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3306 shutdown

more /mysql/data/mysql3306/log/mysqld3306.log|grep password more /mysql/data/mysql3306/log/mysqld3307.log|grep password more /mysql/data/mysql3306/log/mysqld3308.log|grep password

[mysql@Ops-11gOGG ~]$ mysql -uroot -p -P 3306 -S /mysql/data/mysql3306/socket/mysql3306.sockEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 8Server version: 8.0.28 Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> alter user root@'localhost' identified by 'root';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> create user root@'%' identified by 'root';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec) mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' with grant option;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

create user rep@'%' identified by 'rep';grant REPLICATION CLIENT,REPLICATION SLAVE on *.* to rep@'%';

reset master;show master status;

mysql -uroot -p -P 3307 -S /mysql/data/mysql3307/socket/mysql3307.sockEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 10Server version: 8.0.28 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>

change master to master_host='192.168.75.86',master_port=3306,master_user='rep',master_password='rep',master_auto_position=1;
show slave status\Gstart slave;show slave status\G

mysql> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (1.04 sec) mysql> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event Master_Host: 192.168.75.86 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000002 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1486 Relay_Log_File: relay.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 373 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000002 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: No ----这里没有启动 SQL 线程。如下错误代码为 1396 Replicate_Do_DB:  Replicate_Ignore_DB:  Replicate_Do_Table:  Replicate_Ignore_Table:  Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:  Last_Errno: 1396 Last_Error: Coordinator stopped because there were error(s) in the worker(s). The most recent failure being: Worker 1 failed executing transaction '3ba436e0-aa7c-11ec-bba1-0050568a6bf6:2' at master log mysql_bin.000002, end_log_pos 730. See error log and/or performance_schema.replication_applier_status_by_worker table for more details about this failure or others, if any. Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 157 Relay_Log_Space: 1902 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File:  Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File:  Master_SSL_CA_Path:  Master_SSL_Cert:  Master_SSL_Cipher:  Master_SSL_Key:  Seconds_Behind_Master: NULLMaster_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error:  Last_SQL_Errno: 1396 Last_SQL_Error: Coordinator stopped because there were error(s) in the worker(s). The most recent failure being: Worker 1 failed executing transaction '3ba436e0-aa7c-11ec-bba1-0050568a6bf6:2' at master log mysql_bin.000002, end_log_pos 730. See error log and/or performance_schema.replication_applier_status_by_worker table for more details about this failure or others, if any. Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:  Master_Server_Id: 863306 Master_UUID: 3ba436e0-aa7c-11ec-bba1-0050568a6bf6 Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State:  Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind:  Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:  Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: 220323 16:03:06 Master_SSL_Crl:  Master_SSL_Crlpath:  Retrieved_Gtid_Set: 3ba436e0-aa7c-11ec-bba1-0050568a6bf6:1-5 Executed_Gtid_Set: 3ba436e0-aa7c-11ec-bba1-0050568a6bf6:1 Auto_Position: 1 Replicate_Rewrite_DB:  Channel_Name:  Master_TLS_Version:  Master_public_key_path:  Get_master_public_key: 0 Network_Namespace: 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

show master status;stop slave;reset slave all;reset master;

mysql -uroot -p -P 3306 -S /mysql/data/mysql3306/socket/mysql3306.sockshow master status;reset master;show master status;

[mysql@Ops-11gOGG conf]$ mysql -uroot -p -P 3307 -S /mysql/data/mysql3307/socket/mysql3307.sockEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 29Server version: 8.0.28 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.75.86',master_port=3306,master_user='rep',master_password='rep',master_auto_position=1;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 8 warnings (0.03 sec) mysql> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.05 sec) mysql> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event Master_Host: 192.168.75.86 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 157 Relay_Log_File: relay.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 373 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB:  Replicate_Ignore_DB:  Replicate_Do_Table:  Replicate_Ignore_Table:  Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:  Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error:  Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 157 Relay_Log_Space: 573 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File:  Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File:  Master_SSL_CA_Path:  Master_SSL_Cert:  Master_SSL_Cipher:  Master_SSL_Key:  Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error:  Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error:  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:  Master_Server_Id: 863306 Master_UUID: 3ba436e0-aa7c-11ec-bba1-0050568a6bf6 Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind:  Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:  Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:  Master_SSL_Crl:  Master_SSL_Crlpath:  Retrieved_Gtid_Set:  Executed_Gtid_Set:  Auto_Position: 1 Replicate_Rewrite_DB:  Channel_Name:  Master_TLS_Version:  Master_public_key_path:  Get_master_public_key: 0 Network_Namespace: 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

[mysql@Ops-11gOGG conf]$ mysql -uroot -p -P 3308 -S /mysql/data/mysql3308/socket/mysql3308.sockEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 9Server version: 8.0.28 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| mysql_bin.000001 | 157 | | | |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.75.86',master_port=3306,master_user='rep',master_password='rep',master_auto_position=1;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 8 warnings (0.03 sec) mysql> start slave;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.35 sec) mysql> show slave status\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event Master_Host: 192.168.75.86 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 157 Relay_Log_File: relay.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 373 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB:  Replicate_Ignore_DB:  Replicate_Do_Table:  Replicate_Ignore_Table:  Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:  Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error:  Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 157 Relay_Log_Space: 573 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File:  Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File:  Master_SSL_CA_Path:  Master_SSL_Cert:  Master_SSL_Cipher:  Master_SSL_Key:  Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error:  Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error:  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:  Master_Server_Id: 863306 Master_UUID: 3ba436e0-aa7c-11ec-bba1-0050568a6bf6 Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind:  Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:  Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:  Master_SSL_Crl:  Master_SSL_Crlpath:  Retrieved_Gtid_Set:  Executed_Gtid_Set:  Auto_Position: 1 Replicate_Rewrite_DB:  Channel_Name:  Master_TLS_Version:  Master_public_key_path:  Get_master_public_key: 0 Network_Namespace: 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

show slave hosts;

[mysql@Ops-11gOGG conf]$ mysql -uroot -p -P 3306 -S /mysql/data/mysql3306/socket/mysql3306.sockEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 13Server version: 8.0.28 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show slave hosts;+-----------+-------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+| Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID |+-----------+-------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+| 863308 | 192.168.75.86 | 3308 | 863306 | efeadd1c-aa7c-11ec-a0e3-0050568a6bf6 || 863307 | 192.168.75.86 | 3307 | 863306 | e0d081ae-aa7c-11ec-9b41-0050568a6bf6 |+-----------+-------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+2 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> show processlist;+----+-----------------+-------------------+------+------------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |+----+-----------------+-------------------+------+------------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+| 5 | event_scheduler | localhost | NULL | Daemon | 1467 | Waiting on empty queue | NULL || 11 | rep | 192.168.75.86:50360 | NULL | Binlog Dump GTID | 232 | Source has sent all binlog to replica; waiting for more updates | NULL || 12 | rep | 192.168.75.86:50420 | NULL | Binlog Dump GTID | 109 | Source has sent all binlog to replica; waiting for more updates | NULL || 13 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | init | show processlist |+----+-----------------+-------------------+------+------------------+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------+------------------+4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

show variables like '%read_only%';set global read_only=1;set global super_read_only=1;

[mysql@Ops-11gOGG conf]$ mysql -uroot -p -P 3308 -S /mysql/data/mysql3308/socket/mysql3308.sockEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 28Server version: 8.0.28 MySQL Community Server - GPL Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+| mysql_bin.000001 | 544 | | | 3ba436e0-aa7c-11ec-bba1-0050568a6bf6:1-2 |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like '%read_only%';+-----------------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+-----------------------+-------+| innodb_read_only | OFF || read_only | OFF || super_read_only | OFF || transaction_read_only | OFF |+-----------------------+-------+4 rows in set (0.02 sec) mysql> set global read_only=1;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global super_read_only=1;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show variables like '%read_only%';+-----------------------+-------+| Variable_name | Value |+-----------------------+-------+| innodb_read_only | OFF || read_only | ON || super_read_only | ON || transaction_read_only | OFF |+-----------------------+-------+4 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+| mysql_bin.000001 | 544 | | | 3ba436e0-aa7c-11ec-bba1-0050568a6bf6:1-2 |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)