Flask怎样快速切换运行环境
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Flask运行方式
参考官网链接：https://flask.palletsprojects.com/en/1.1.x/quickstart/#a-minimal-application
运行app一般可以有两种方式：
命令行运行(推荐)
python 脚本运行
命令行运行
命令行运行方式： 指定app
$ export FLASK_APP=hello.py$ flask run* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/
命令行运行方式： 指定ENV环境，(记住这种方式，后面会用到)
$ export FLASK_APP=hello.py$ export FLASK_ENV=development$ flask run* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/
命令行运行方式： 指定DEBUG模式(指定 exportFLASK_ENV=development 即开启debug模式，或者直接指定 exportFLASK_DEBUG=1 )
$ export FLASK_APP=hello.py$ export FLASK_DEBUG=1$ flask run* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/
脚本运行
编辑 app.py
from autoapp import create_appapp = create_app('settings.Dev')if __name__ == "__main__":app.run()
运行
$ python app.py* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/
工厂模式下环境自由切换
在工厂模式(create_app)下, 怎么实现 development｜production｜test 三种环境下配置的自由切换呢？
首先工厂模式下应该存在这3个文件:
app.py: 创建app实例的文件
autoapp.py: 存放工厂函数
settings.py: 存放系统配置
下面直接看代码：
settings.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-"""Application configuration."""class Config(object):# Base settings ###############################################DEBUG = FalseTESTING = FalseSECRET_KEY = "it-is-secret"# Log #########################################################...# Database ####################################################...class Pro(Config):ENV = "production"# Log #########################################################...# Database ####################################################...class Dev(Config):DEBUG = TrueENV = "development"# Log #########################################################...# Database ####################################################...class Test(Config):TESTING = TrueDEBUG = TrueENV = "test"# Log #########################################################...# Database ####################################################...
autoapp.py
from flask import Flaskdef create_app(config):"""Create application factory,as explained here: http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/patterns/appfactories/.:param config: The configuration object to use."""app = Flask(__name__)app.config.from_object(config)return app
app.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-"""Create an application instance."""from autoapp import create_appif os.getenv("FLASK_ENV") == "development":app = create_app("settings.Dev")elif os.getenv("FLASK_ENV") == "production":app = create_app("settings.Pro")elif os.getenv("FLASK_ENV") == "test":app = create_app("settings.Test")else:raise EnvironmentError("Please set FLASK_ENV ！！！")
运行Flask
$ export FLASK_APP=app:app$ export FLASK_ENV=development$ flask run -p 8000* Serving Flask app "app:app" (lazy loading)* Environment: development* Debug mode: on* Running on http://127.0.0.1:8000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)* Restarting with stat* Debugger is active!* Debugger PIN: 118-853-556
未指定FLASK_EN运行
$ flask run* Environment: productionWARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production deployment.Use a production WSGI server instead.* Debug mode: offTraceback (most recent call last):............raise EnvironmentError("Please set FLASK_ENV ！！！")OSError: Please set FLASK_ENV ！！！
生产环境使用gunicorn运行
export FLASK_ENV=production && gunicorn app:app -c gunicorn.conf.py注意：命令行方式执行都是在 linux环境下， windows环境下命令可能稍微不同，将 export换成 set即可。
Enjoy your code.